The Use of Symbolism in The Lottery by Shirley Jackson Essay -- Lotter

The Use of Symbolism in The Lottery by Shirley Jackson Within the first few lines of Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery" we are faced with such adjectives as clear, sunny, fresh and warmth. She goes on to paint a picture of small children just out of school for the summer, as the townspeople gather for the annual Lottery. This leads us to believe that the rest of the story is as cheery as the summer day initially described. We as the readers are virtually unaware of the horrible senseless events that lie ahead. Through the use of symbolism Shirley Jackson reveals the underlying decay of ethics that results from an empty ritual followed by narrow-minded people. Tessie Huchinson symbolizes the typical townsperson who lacks morals and conforms to the masses. Upon introduction she exudes a carefree attitude when she arrives late at the lottery, by joking with Mr. Summers and urging her husband to, "Get up there†¦" when their name is called to pick (Jackson 77). Consequently, the moment she finds out that her husband has the black dot Tessie yells, "It wasn't fair!" (Jackson 78). Naturally, the rest of the self-centered people urge her to "[b]e a good sport"(Jackson 78). The most disturbing event in the entire story is when Tessie tries to get her older daughters to be part of the final picking, and is dissapointed when she is told that they are only drawn with their husbands. The lottery proceeds and Tessie is stoned to death by her fellow neighbors. Shirley Jackson wants us to float along with her upbeat story and be completely appalled in the end at the total loss of human decency. Although Tessie was not said to be religious, h er name might have been tied to a religious liberal named Anne Huchinson. "Anne was banished f... ...ars, which has conditioned him to believe that they are doing the right thing. As discussed in class, the theme to this story can be expressed within a quote, "Although the villagers had forgotten the ritual and lost the original black box, they still remembered to use stones"(Jackson 79). The tradition and its function had been forgotten yet these people still killed one of their friends every summer. Shirley Jackson symbolically paints us an unsettling portrait of the loss of human decency that results when seemingly civilized people ignorantly conform to the masses. Bibliography: Works Cited "Hutchinson, Anne." The New Encyclopedia Britannica. 1986. Jackson, Shirley. "The Lottery." Literature and the Writing Process. Elizabeth Mc Mahan, Susan X Day, and Robert Funk. 5th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice, 1999. 74-79.

Improving Organizational Performance Essay

Celsey Evans, of Airdevils, has hired Peter Mallow, of Dream Teamworks, to address the problems currently existing in and affecting the Airdevils Company. These problems consist of dissatisfaction among customers, less wins at award ceremonies, a high turnover rate, and low job satisfaction among employees. Surveys, amongst other factors, determined that job dissatisfaction is particularly high among the stunt performers. With the stunt performers as the target group of the study, Celsey and Peter will identify the reasons for psychological underpinnings of low job satisfaction in the company. Using motivational and behavioral approaches and making adjustments to the core reasons for employee dissatisfaction will help Airdevils attain the status that they seem to have lost. Determining the underlying causes, implementing interventions, creating a team for preparing innovating stunts, and reducing stress among employees are the keys to catapulting Airdevils back to the status it deser ves. According to the JDI and JIG (survey) scores for Airdevils’ employees the stunt performers are the least satisfied in general, but all of the employees are dissatisfied below acceptable levels in Promotion (infrequencies) and Pay (too low). Supervision and Work are also low with stunt performers but higher than â€Å"good† among other employees. If one were to rely on this information alone, one would determine that pay and promotion needs to be examined and adjusted. Further information provided, blogs and profiles, show that there are issues with ‘holier than thou’ attitudes among E8’s, less time at home with family members, low salaries, and drudge routines. After examining these factors one can determine generally that the main cause of low job satisfaction among stunt performers at Airdevils is that the stunts lack exciting challenges. Because the members of Airdevils performing teams were put into hierarchal positions, they were placed into spe cialized stunt routines. This created a more rigid organizational structure. * Though the budget does not allow a perfect overhaul to Celsey’s organization, many interventions can be chosen to be simply delayed. Recommended for the Airdevils immediately are allow participation in open competitions, entering in a new line of stunts, rotation in industry meets, and offering performance-based incentives in salaries. Allowing performers to perform outside work and cross-training are factors that should be considered quickly. After implementation of these interventions there proves to be a marked increase in the company’s performance and there is an improvement in job satisfaction. * In the next phase of the reorganization, Celsey wants to create a group of three people to begin preparing innovative stunts for the regular customers of the Airdevils. Should this idea work well, the customers will like the plans and will want to spend extra money for stunts consultation. In this case, the Airdevils will form a stunts consultancy division. Given seven excellent candidates for this three person team the three chosen by Dream Teamwork’s for Celsey’s team are Cari, Charlie, and Alverta because of their combined work experience, enthusiasm for the job, personalities, and high probability of achievement. Applying this decision is successful. The mixture of experience, high skill levels, and high emotional stability prove to be an excellent combination to make a powerful team for the Airdevils. * In the next phase, Dream Teamworks helps Celsey choose what measures should be taken by the Airdevils to reduce stress among the support crewmembers. After considerations of the measures available to the Airdevils those that would most benefit the company and its staff are relaxation training, stress-inoculation training, software training, modifying team structure, offering transportation services, establishing a code of conduct, and allowing a flexi ble work schedule. These are the best measure possible to reduce stress levels among crewmembers. The results are lower absenteeism, less stress, more teamwork, more personal time with family, and a better ability to cope with stressors from work (Britt & Jex, 2008). Absenteeism, turnover, job performance, and counter-productive behavior can be addressed through motivation. Based on the situation illustrated in the simulation the theories of employee motivation that could be used by Celsey and the management team of the Airdevils team to tackle issues are need-based theories, cognitive process theories, self-determination theory, and job-based theories. A need-based theory such as need for achievement would be an effective place to start. Need-based theories propose that achievement and power are needs evoked by different stimuli in the environment (Britt & Jex, 2008). Maslow’s need hierarchy does explain that the higher one gets on their hierarchy pyramid, from physiological to self-actualization, the more content a person becomes. This could explain why Airdevils has a need to reorganize their corporation. Making employees content in more factions of their lives makes more productive employees. ERG is another needs-based theory that could be considered. ERG allows for the possibility that the stunt performers in the Airdevils may be regressing because their needs at the most basic level of their work are not satisfied. They are too concerned with the issues that the they may have with the redundancy of the routines and personality issues. Also, they are not allowed to experiment and show their own individuality and true colors and feel as thpugh they are failing to live up to their potential. Need for achievement theory is another that could be considered for this situation. Those who have consistent distinguishing characteristics of perso ns who have a high need for achievement can describe many of the stunt performers at Airdevils. These characteristics include the tendency to set moderately difficult performance goals, seek feedback, and work long hours because they absorb themselves in work (Britt & Jex, 2008). Goal-setting, Control, and Equity theories and behavioral approaches are just some examples of further applications that can be studied for this case. Many theories could be applied to the Airdevils’ situation. Should Celsey and Peter go through each of the theories that could be applied to their situation, they may find that each theory will touch on a subject currently adversely affecting the company and its profits. Through examining them all, they could reach conclusions on correcting behaviors throughout the company. Knowledge of human behavior, cognition, and affect can be used to enhance relationships in the workplace. Understanding how people interact with each other and why can help management can place people together in teams accordingly. It can also prepare the company for behavioral changes among the employees. This knowledge can help solve problems, create stress free workplace environments, and create productive and powerful teams. Employee workplace stressors can be reduced by organizations. By paying attention to the results of surveys, blogs written by employees, and general complaints throughout the company any organization can come to understand what particular stressors affect their particular employees. Clear definitions of job titles and descriptions of jobs would assist an organization from having role stressors. Workloads should be studied and divided amongst employees according to ability and pay to alleviate workload stressors. Independent control over their own workloads could be considered. For example, in regard to Airdevils, allowing more team members freedom to decide on adjustments to routines could reduce stress levels there. Alleviating interpersonal conflict by teaming like members together is one way that companies like the Airdevils can control stressors. Reducing organizational constraints is another example. In the case of the Airdevils’ organizational constraints, they do not allow their employees to participate in open competitions or rotate in industry meets. Releasing these constraints could strengthen the organizations relationships with their employees as well as relieve some of the stressors they face. Perceived control and work-family conflict are further stressors that should be examined. Making adjustments to schedules, pay, and employees behaviors will relieve many organizational conflicts and stressors and benefit the company greatly. Job security, layoffs, mergers and acquisitions are not currently affecting Airdevils but do affect other organizations. Stress management training, adjusting work schedules, providing telecommuting options, offering family-friendly benefits, and offering health and fitness programs are further ways that an organization can combat stress among its employees (Britt & Jex, 2008). Careful consideration of each aspect by the organization will ensure that they can make informed decisions regarding each stressor. After analysis of survey, employee blogs, and paying attention to the behaviors of its employees, Celsey and Peter can make the changes that Airdevils desperately needs to survive and grow. The company has a superb foundation and understands that changes must be made to achieve success. By applying studying and understanding employees’ behaviors, cognition, and applying relevant theories Dream Teamworks and Airdevils can create a prospering work environment for Airdevils’ employees and will find more satisfied employees, be subject to less turnover, win more awards, and satisfy customers better than they ever have. Reference Britt, T. W., & Jex, S. M. (2008). Organizational psychology: A scientist-practitioner approach. (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons

The Debate Over Gun Control - 3031 Words

One major cause of heated debate in the United States is the contrasting stands on gun control. This one subject has a nation divided on a very serious topic that saves and takes lives. On the one hand, those for gun control argue a case against increasing gun violence in everyday life. Those that are against gun control argue that it is in an individual’s right to own and possess guns. It is a matter of liberty and a right to bear arms and a necessity of self-protection. The problem with both sides of the debate is that neither party is wrong. On those for gun control, the constant occurrence of gun violence on a devastating scale has resulted in taking action toward gun control. These are some examples of these occurrences, but are not limited to the following. The increasing violence with guns has made an appearance amongst children in schools. Easy access of guns by children has been blamed for the mass murders that have occurred at American schools. These unfortunate and devastating events have altered the school environment drastically. Metal detectors and gun attack training are now part of a normal school year. Acts of revenge in the work place have also caused mass casualties with the use of guns. Angry employees in an act of vengeance against their employers have used guns violently in the work place. A person undergoing rage whether temporary or long term can become extremely dangerous if guns are available, sometimes resulting in this type of large scaleShow MoreRelatedThe Debate Over Gun Control1210 Words   |  5 Pagesnot be involved in gun control. The second amendment to the United state s constitution says A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. Is this not enough can the bill of rights say this anymore clear. Many might state that the way this statement is worded is the point of debate and it should be interpreted differently. This is the root of all the hot debate over gun control. Does the constitutionRead MoreThe Debate Over The Gun Control892 Words   |  4 PagesOne of the most debated and talked about issues going on today concerns gun control. There are many different aspects being brought up with concern to gun control. One of the biggest this past year especially here in Texas is the issue of allow-ing conceal carry on college campuses. College campuses are usually gun free zones, but with so many shootings happening on campuses some want to be allowed to carry. A lot of people are for infringing upon a person’s constitutional right to life andRead MoreThe Debate Over Gun Control1522 Words   |  7 PagesThe debate over gun control in America continues to trouble politicians to this day. According to the constitution, the second amendment gives us the right to bear arms (U.S. Const.). Many different interpretations of what precisely the amendment means exist in this country. However, the two main sides include pro gun control and against gun control. In this paper, we will weigh the pros and cons of both sides and with any luck approach a conclusion on what side performs a superior job. People interpretRead MoreThe Debate Over Gun Control889 Words   |  4 Pagesschool gangs, physical attacks, and fatalities involved with guns. School shootings have been on the rise over the past several years. To bring awareness to school violence, teachers, staff, and parents need to be further trained in noticing warning signs of depression and anger issues which may lead to bullying an d disrespectful learning environments for all parties. In addition to awareness within schools, the debate over gun control has been a topic discussed for many years in hopes to curb schoolRead MoreThe Debate Over Gun Control1156 Words   |  5 Pagesyou have kept up with all the controversy in the news, then it is surely fair to assume that you have an opinion over gun control. Gun control is a big deal because with so many people having them it can make individuals feel unsafe to leave their home or possibly even be in their homes. There is also the fear that individuals possess on the other end of the spectrum that if their guns are taken, how they will protect themselves from people whom wish to harm them. These questions and concerns riseRead MoreThe Debate Over Gun Control1732 Words   |  7 Pages The topic of gun control has become very popular in recent years as there is now more controversy than ever about the role that guns play in today’s world. I have come to be interested in this topic because it seems like not a day goes by anymore where there isn’t a newspaper published with an article slandering either the pro or anti gun control activists. Going into this topic, I was assuming that I would end up reading about a lot of school shootings and how it is just guns that are causingRead MoreThe Debate Over Gun Control939 Words   |  4 PagesGun Control Close your eyes and relax. Imagine that you are in a time of 236 years ago, and imagine that you are one of the few people that had the privilege of writing the country’s constitution. It would not take long until you get to the second amendment. This amendment reads â€Å"A well-regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed† (Davis). This amendment has extreme importance, and should not beRead MoreThe Debate Over Gun Control925 Words   |  4 PagesGun Control is a hot debate topic, where people have been divided into two different viewpoints. The majority of states has supported their colleges to carry guns in case of a mass shootout. While the majority of liberal and democratic oppose carrying guns onto school property. Some states such as Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Oregon, Texas, Utah, Wisconsin, and Mississippi has already passed the law to allowed students to carry c oncealed weapons on campuses to protect themselves from unwanted mass shootersRead MoreThe Debate Over Stricter Gun Control929 Words   |  4 Pages Gun Control in the United States The debate over stricter gun laws has been ongoing in the United States for quite some time now. Individuals who oppose stricter gun control laws argue that the second amendment to the constitution of the United States constitute part of the bill of rights that protect the right for American citizens to bear arms, and any attempt to set up laws for gun control will be a direct violation on this (Hofstadter 10). They argueRead MoreEssay about The Debate Over Gun Control1274 Words   |  6 Pages These people believe this because of the part of the Second Amendment that states, â€Å"The right of the people to keep and bear Arms shall not be infringed.† People who are strong advocates against gun control use this part of the Second Amendment to drive their point across. Advocates against gun control believe that preserving the freedom of a state through a militia is not the only way it should be looked at, these people believe that the amendment also implies a clause that ta kes into account ones

Comparison and Contrast Essay - 745 Words

Some people think that if they could only change one aspect of their lives, it would be perfect. They do not realize that anything that is changed could come with unintended consequences. â€Å"The Monkey’s Paw† by W.W. Jacobs and â€Å"The Third Wish† by Joan Aiken both illustrate this theme. They demonstrate this by granting the main character three wishes, but with each wish that is granted, brings undesirable consequences. The main idea of this essay is to compare and contrast â€Å"The Monkey’s Paw† and â€Å"The Third Wish.† Although the â€Å"The Monkey’s Paw† and â€Å"The Third Wish† are both fantasies and have similar themes, they have different main characters, wishes, and resolutions. â€Å"A good story, whether it is true, made-up, or somewhere in between,†¦show more content†¦Although regretting wishing another wish, Mr. White wishes Herbert, his son, to be alive again. Unfortunately, Mr. White re alizes that Herbert will return in his mutilated form, so he quickly wishes for Herbert to return to the grave before his wife is traumatized. As Mr. White and his wife look out at an empty street, awaiting Herbert’s arrival, they are heartbroken knowing that they will probably never see Herbert again. Unlike Mr. White’s first wish, Mr. Peters wishes for a wife as beautiful as the forest. However, Mr. Peters apprehends that Leita, his wife, will never be satisfied being a human, because she longs to be with her swan sister. So, for his second wish, he wishes her back to swan form. Now, without Leita Mr. Peters, as well as Mr. White, is heartbroken and a lonely man, once again. Now, understanding that wishes only lead to misfortune, he decides not to use the third wish. The end of a story, when all loose ends are tied and the reader knows what happens to the character(s), can be described as the resolution. The theme of a story often goes along with the resolution as we ll. â€Å"The Monkey’s Paw† resolution is rather dark. Mr. White and his wife are heartbroken staring at an empty street, knowing that they will never see their son again. The theme is â€Å"if fate ruled people’s lives, and those who interfere with it do to their own sorrow.† Overall, â€Å"The Third Wish† is much more ofShow MoreRelatedComparison and Contrast Essay1159 Words   |  5 PagesCOMPARISON AND CONTRAST ESSAY Comparison and Contrast Essay Definition: In this kind of essay, the aim is to show the similarities and differences of two items, two people, two countries, or how something or someone has changed. When comparing two things, we focus more on the similarities though we may mention the differences shortly. When contrasting two things, we point out the differences between them. The most important point to consider while planning a comparison and contrast essay is choosingRead MoreComparison and Contrast Essay7914 Words   |  32 PagesComparison and Contrast Essay Prepared for the Communication Competencies Center University of Puerto Rico at Humacao Title V Project Anà ­bal Muà ±oz Claudio May 2005 Contents Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦i General Objective †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ii Specific Objectives †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ii How can you use this module? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...1 Part I. General Knowledge of Essay Structures and Content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 Part II. Writing a Comparison and ContrastRead MoreComparison and Contrast Essay686 Words   |  3 PagesComparison and Contrast Essay Children under 5 vs. Dogs as Pets There are many couples that choose to own dogs as pets in lieu of having children. Dogs fill a void in the hearts of many as a small child may. A dog has a lot in common with a small child, except a baby turns into an adult and most of the responsibilities of taking care of a child go out the door with the offspring. Having a dog is like having an infant for 12 to 15 years. A dog and a baby both drool uncontrollably and constantlyRead MoreComparison Contrast Essay1373 Words   |  6 PagesIn society it seems that everywhere we look we are surrounded by advertisements whether it is television commercials, billboards or advertisements. Obviously, the main purpose of advertisements is to get the consumer to purchase the product. Print advertisements are an extremely effective way to reach a mass audience because the advertisements are in print, the use of color, text and photography are all key factors in luring the consumers in to buying their product. Advertisements cannot simplyRead MoreEssay about Comparison Contrast1033 Words   |  5 PagesEssay 2 Scott Momaday’s â€Å"The Way to Rainy Mountain† and Bobbie Ann Mason’s â€Å"Being Country† are two the texts to be compared. Though they share similarities, they too are quite different. They both share similar topics, in that they are two stories of cultures, but written from different perspectives of their cultures. Momaday is from the Kiowas tribe of the plains of Oklahoma, and Mason from a farm in Mayfield, Kentucky. 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These differences will form the main conflict in the story. The differences will cause them to hate each other and the anger that results is a recurring part of the plot throughout the novel. These two boys can be compared by the way the y change, the reason for their actions,Read MoreMen Vs Women - Comparison and Contrast essay836 Words   |  4 Pagesmen, like whenever they are in relationships, they put their mind, body, and soul into making decisions. Meanwhile, men are far less emotional and react on impulse during situations for the sake of having a reason to do so (Men vs Women (Comparison contrast), n.d.). Another one of their many differences is their intellectuality. Aydin (2011) stated that almost all scientists accept that a persons language learning ability, comprehension ability, and emotional quotient are specified accordingRead MoreEssay Comparison/Contrast of Cut and The Fourth of July1405 Words   |  6 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Wilkinson 1 Comparison/Contrast of â€Å"Cut† and â€Å"The Fourth of July† In the two essays â€Å"Cut,† by Bob Greene and â€Å"The Fourth of July,† by Audre Lorde they both discuss how disappointments as a child affected their lives. Greene’s essay gives five examples about how five boys were cut from a sports team and how they used that disappointment to become successful as adults. Lorde’s essay differed in that it told one story of how her and her family were on their vacation inRead MoreEssay about Comparison And Contrast Of Lit580 Words   |  3 Pagesthat she had influenced her writing. She thinks men are beasts, could be from bad dates. Perrault used a very rhythmic and poetic structure. In his days it was much easier to pass down stories and fairy tales if you gave the story a rhythm. In this essay I showed an authoramp;#8217;s bias and point of view. From Perraultamp;#8217;s antiquated vocabulary and writing style to Carteramp;#8217;s beastly descriptions and real life verbiage which shows how two people can write dissimilar works off of

Consumer Behaviour Holiday Decision Making Process

Discuss and critically evaluate the traditional ‘rational problem solving, cognitive model’ of consumer decision making process, in light of the arguments given in the case study: ‘Holiday decision-making: an adaptable and opportunistic ongoing process.’ Every day, each one of us makes various decisions regarding different aspects of our daily routine. To be able to make these decisions, we need to be able to have alternatives. These decisions, however, are made after doing some degree of information search but not all consumer decision-making situations receive or require the same degree of information search. Some purchase decisions require extensive effort, where the consumers need a lot of information to set a criteria and judge†¦show more content†¦(Schiffman. L, Kanuk.L and Hansen. H, 2008, pp.72) Although this economic model forces the consumer to make a decision in a logical manner, it has been criticized as it is regarded as too simplistic and idealistic. In reality, consumers rarely have all the required information or even an adequate degree of involvement to make a perfect decision. Consumers are also limited by their existing skills, habits, reflexes, values and goals. . (Schiffman. L, Kanuk.L and Hansen. H, 2008, pp.72) In addition, not all alternatives lend themselves to quantification in terms that will allow for easy evaluation and because this model cannot predict the future, it is unlikely that decision makers will know all possible outcomes of each alternative. (Griffin. R and Moorhead.G, 2008, pp. 212) Hence, according to Alan Decrop, holiday decision making proved to be an ongoing process which was not characterized by fixed sequential stages. (Solomon. M, Bamossy.G, Askegaard.S and Hogg.M, 2006, pp.392) COGNITIVE MODEL Consumer buying behaviour is affected by a complex web of internal psychological variables. These include: attitude, learning, memory, motivation, perception and personality. According to Rajecki (1990), an attitude is a ‘predisposition to respond cognitively, emotionally, or behaviourally to a particular object in a particular way’. Attitudes guide how buyers react, consumerShow MoreRelatedConsumer Behaviour - Holiday Decision Making Process3233 Words   |  13 PagesCONSUMER BEHAVIOUR: HOLIDAY DECISION MAKING PROCESS SUMMARY: Decisions are omnipresent in the daily lives of human beings. Being tireless decision makers, it stands to reason then that we understand the forces that drive decision making. The following report seeks to critically evaluate the long-held traditional ‘rational problem- solving and cognitive model’ of the consumer decision making process against the background of the holiday decision making patterns of the modern consumer. The one strikingRead MoreConsumer Behaviour Essay1310 Words   |  6 PagesCase Study: Consumer behaviour and holidays In this assignment I will be analysing the following; a case study presented on how holiday decision making varies from the traditional problem-solving model of consumer decision making. Q1 By analysing the traditional problem-solving of consumer decision making you can grasp that the market of holiday makers is more complex. The traditional method follows the concept that the consumers desire or needs creates a problem within the individual, which leadsRead MoreFactors That Affect The Holiday Choice Has Evolved Over The Ages Of Ages1090 Words   |  5 Pagesexperienced tourists between the ages of 8-12, are increasingly becoming a major influence behind family holidays. This age group have usually taken a number of holidays and have visited many different destinations across the globe. As outlined earlier Argyle (1996) makes reference to how a number of factors, age being one of them, have an effect on the holiday-taking decision-making process. This directly links to how tweens are generally now more cultured and have experienced more of life comparedRead MoreFactors That Affect The Holiday Taking Decision Making Process1318 Words   |  6 Pages Who makes the decisions in the family holiday-taking decision-making process? Critically evaluate this question by means of a detailed literature review. The purpose of this essay is to explore and document the different influences that can impact the holiday-taking decision-making process, particularly looking at the role of tweens and their voice regarding the role they play in up-front vacation decision-making. Also this essay will be looking at the role spouses play, howRead MoreA Report Of Buyer Behavior : The Consumer Decision Making Process882 Words   |  4 PagesBuyer Behaviour: The Consumer Decision-Making Process as it relates to purchasing a rental service in the classic car industry. Section 1: Introduction (about 150 – 200 words) The study of consumer behaviour examines consumer’s methods of purchasing and divestment of possessions, labour, concepts or knowledge by people, associations and companies to fulfil their necessities and desires (Keller Kotler , 2011). This is significant to marketers because with a good knowledge base about consumers theyRead MoreThe Case Household Appliance And Perfumes1336 Words   |  6 Pages The typical decision making process and that well-structured with the five processes is based on a special purposeful search by the customer. Once the problem has been recognized, customers need to acquire adequate information to resolve it. 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Integration Level Offered By This System Is High Free Samples

Question: What Is The Integration Level Offered By This System Is High? Answer: Introduction Automatic Information Systems are extremely necessary in the functions and operations that are carried out by the organizations in the present times. Execution of these operations through manual processes is no longer feasible and it has become essential to adapt latest technology for operational, technical and administrative activities that are carried out in the organization. Accounting Information Systems are one such information systems that automate the operations associated with the accounts department. Banking sector is one of the prime users of such information systems as the majority of activities that take place in banks are related to finance and accounts. Business Processes The business processes that are carried out in a bank are as listed below: Account management activities such as opening of a new account, closing of account, modifying the account details etc. Loan Processing activities processing of application, sanctioning of loan, calculation of premiums etc. Credit Management activities such as management of card requests, activation and generation of cards, pin generation etc. Collation of the mortgage details Accounts transactions such as deposit in the account, withdrawal from the account Reconciliation activities Bill payments and corporate vendor payments Online banking activities Customer service and support Employee management and payroll activities Business Requirements The requirements of business of a bank in terms of accounting information system are associated with the implementation of an integrated system that shall be designed in such a manner that the accounting, auditing and bookkeeping activities are carried out and managed automatically. Also, the management of database along with customer relationship will also be some of the mandatory requirements in association with the banks. System Requirements The accounting information system for the banks will be required to have the functional specifications and abilities to carry out the tasks around account management activities such as opening of a new account, closing of account, modifying the account details etc. with ease. It will also be necessary for the system to have features and algorithms for loan processing activities such as processing of application, sanctioning of loan, calculation of premiums etc. Credit Management activities such as management of card requests, activation and generation of cards, pin generation etc. will also be done through the system along with collation of the mortgage details. There will also be requirements around the fulfillment of accounts transactions such as deposit in the account, withdrawal from the account and reconciliation activities. There must be procedures and programs installed for bill payments and corporate vendor payments along with streamlining of online banking activities. Custom er service and support along with employee management and payroll activities will also be done through the information system (Ryan, 2016). The accounting information systems designed for the banks would also require having the following set of system qualities: Enhanced performance of the system will be one of the essential system qualities to make sure that the response time and throughput time involved in the system and its operation is minimum Reliability of the system to make sure that the information around the accounts and finance that is retrieved from the system is accurate at all times and there are no loopholes present in between System adaptability to make sure that the system is adaptable and adjustable as per the environment and can be easily integrated with the existing set of systems Scalability of the system to make sure that the system can be scaled up or scaled down as per the requirements without any need to re-design the entire system from scratch Security of the system shall also be included as one of the prime requirements as it will be essential that the security risks, vulnerabilities and threats do not take place. Software and Vendor Selection Some of the popular accounting information system packages and vendors that are available in the market to choose as per the needs and requirements are as listed below. Intuit QuickBooks Intuit QuickBooks is one of the accounting information system packages that is being widely used because of its amazing performance and the unique set of features that come along with this package. The system fulfills the requirements of various user types such as home users, small business vendors along with large enterprise and can also be customized at the time of purchase to include only the features that are required. The essential and advanced accounting activities are offered by this package with some of the features as listed below. The primary aim of any bank is to provide high quality services to the clients with the costs as low as possible. This package allows cost-savings by including only the necessary activities to be executed There are no issues or drops in terms of performance in the case of this accounting system that leads to higher customer satisfaction There is a lot of critical and sensitive data that is associated with any bank. This data is kept secure and protected in the databases of this system. It allows the customers to carry out the accounting activities at any time as it is easily available and always accessible. The security framework that is used in this software is based upon the latest measures for enhancement of security (Advisoryhq, 2015). MYOB Accounting Software MYOB is one of the accounting information system packages that is being widely used because of its amazing performance and the unique set of features that come along with this package. The system fulfills the requirements of various user types such as home users, small business vendors along with large enterprise and can also be customized at the time of purchase to include only the features that are required. The essential and advanced accounting activities are offered by this package with some of the features as listed below. There are a number of real-time activities that are required to be monitored and executed in the banks and the real-time view is provided by this package An easy and strong integration is set up for all of the Point of Sale transactions The system does not get impacted by the issues in the network connectivity as it remains functional in the offline mode Legal and regulatory compliance and standards are met by this package Customization is made possible through this system (Myob, 2016). Reckon Reckon is one of the accounting information system packages that is being widely used because of its amazing performance and the unique set of features that come along with this package. The system fulfills the requirements of various user types such as home users, small business vendors along with large enterprise and can also be customized at the time of purchase to include only the features that are required. The essential and advanced accounting activities are offered by this package with some of the features as listed below. Security of investments that are made by the customers is desired so that there are no risks involved. This sense of security is provided by this system as it has a huge customer base User experience that is offered by this system is rich Credit management and reconciliation activities can be smoothly done with this system (Carey, 2015). Saasu Saasu is one of the accounting information system packages that is being widely used because of its amazing performance and the unique set of features that come along with this package. The system fulfills the requirements of various user types such as home users, small business vendors along with large enterprise and can also be customized at the time of purchase to include only the features that are required. The essential and advanced accounting activities are offered by this package with some of the features as listed below. A lot of customization can be done in terms of the various currency options that are supported by this system There are several other systems that are present in the organizations and the integration with all of these systems is made possible Xero Xero is one of the accounting information system packages that is being widely used because of its amazing performance and the unique set of features that come along with this package. The system fulfills the requirements of various user types such as home users, small business vendors along with large enterprise and can also be customized at the time of purchase to include only the features that are required. The essential and advanced accounting activities are offered by this package with some of the features as listed below. This system does not require the presence of a human resource for its monitoring and evaluation Bookkeeping activities along with reconciliation tasks can be smoothly done Integration level offered by this system is high (Miller, 2016). Methods of Utilization of Technology Some of the software and packages that is available to be adapted and implemented by the banks have been listed above and there are a number of other vendors in the market as well. Custom Developed Software Banks can make use of custom developed software to implement the same in their architecture. Custom developed software is the one which is designed and delivered as per the exact specifications and requirements that are demanded by the customer. There are certain functional aspects that are required by a particular bank which may be of no use for the other. For instance, there will be difference in the desired features for a small scale bank and a large scale bank. Custom software has the ability to fulfill the requirements of all. However, there is one drawback that is associated with this option as it scores high in terms of the cost. Package Purchasing There are also ready to use packages that are available in the market to be purchased and used as it is. The costs that are associated with such packages are generally lower and these also take lesser time to be implemented. There is also a high degree of reliability that is associated with these packages as the customers can easily look through the reviews and feedback provided by others. Trainings are also available easily through this package and the documentation is also available in abundance. There are certain drawbacks that are associated with this package in terms of the mapping with the requirements as the features are already designed. Outsourcing It is a method in which a third party will be contacted to accomplish the design, development and implementation of the accounting information systems in the banks. The entire responsibility of carrying out these activities will be on the third parties which will involve lesser administration and management by the banking staff. This process may however take an increased time and will not fit if there is an immediate requirement. Level of Efficiency There are a number of success factors that shall be evaluated to understand the efficiency of the technological implementation of accounting information systems that will take place in the banks. Mapping of the actual and estimated values in terms of the schedule and budget. In case of a perfect match, the level of efficiency will be high. Percentage of manual processing that was done earlier than implementation and calculation of the same post implementation. Employee satisfaction in terms of the overall organization and management of the accounting activities with the aid of the automated system. Customer satisfaction levels to understand the ability and efficiency of the technology to meet the customer demands and expectations Potential Security Risks and Data Breaches Confidentiality Attacks Eavesdropping There are a number of channels and activities that are involved in the business processes of a bank. These entities may be internal or external to the organization which leads to the inclusion of a number of different access points. It is because of this reason that eavesdropping in to the system can be easily done to capture confidential data (Wood, 2016). Unauthorized Tracking Banks are associated with a lot many and certain non-stop transactions and activities. There is huge to and fro of information that takes place through several channels which leads to unauthorized tracking by the malicious entities in one of the channels. These attacks become difficult to track as there are varied entities involved. Data Mining Attacks Data mining and data analytics is used in the information associated with the banks to apply the concepts of business intelligence to achieve streamlined results. However, the attackers often execute data mining attacks on the information to cause damage to the confidentiality of the same (Amato, 2016). Reconstruction Attacks During the exchange of the information, it is often observed that the attackers capture the banking information and reconstruct it to give it a new shape and structure. Such attacks have a huge impact on the confidentiality of the information. Integrity Attacks Message Alteration Integrity plays an extremely important role in case of the information that is associated with the banks as it is necessary to have authorized modifications failing which there will be huge damage that will be caused. Integrity of the information is violated by the execution of message alteration attacks in which the exchange of messages that take place between the two banking activities is modified and changed in an unauthorized manner (Microsoft, 2016). Media Alteration Integrity plays an extremely important role in case of the information that is associated with the banks as it is necessary to have authorized modifications failing which there will be huge damage that will be caused. Integrity of the information is violated by the execution of media alteration attacks in which the exchange of media that take place between the two banking activities is modified and changed in an unauthorized manner (Aws, 2016). Availability Attacks Flooding Attacks Banking services that are provided by the accounting information systems are often impacted adversely by flooding as the availability attack. It is an attack in which the attackers launch unwanted data on the information system to degrade its performance which is gradually moved to the state of a breakdown (Nichols, 2016). Server Impersonating There are many servers that are associated with the accounting information systems that are used in the banks. Server impersonation is done to trick the users to gain important information (Mahmoud, 2015). QoS Abuse QoS stands for Quality of Service and it is often put at risk because of the malevolent activities that are carried by the attackers to impact the system availability. Issues with the availability of the system impact the quality immediately (Panetta, 2016). Guidelines on Mitigation of the Risks Banks can make use of the anti-denial tools and components in their accounting information systems and the overall architecture to make sure that the system availability is not impacted in any scenario Accounting information systems will be accessed by many entities and it shall be made sure that advanced authentication mechanisms such as Single Sign on, one time passwords and multi0step authentication with the use of biometrics is implemented (Lu, 2014). Network attacks are the most common forms of security attacks that take place in association with the accounting information systems. It is therefore essential to make use of advanced network monitoring and network auditing tools to put a check on all the activities that take place on all the networks through which the system is accessed (Jing, 2014) Encryption of the information is a prime necessity as the attacks take place in spite of putting and implementing the security measures. Encrypted information will be of no use for the attackers and its misuse will be prevented. There are a number of intrusion detection and prevention systems that are available that have the ability to detect any of the malicious activity attempted on the system. Upgrading and maintenance of the accounting information system shall be done to make sure that there are no version specific attacks executed. Basic security of the systems shall be ensured by installation of the firewalls along with the use of proxy servers and anti-malware packages (Bhabad, 2016). Conclusion Accounting Information Systems are one such information systems that automate the operations associated with the accounts department. Banking sector is one of the prime users of such information systems as the majority of activities that take place in banks are related to finance and accounts. The requirements of business of a bank in terms of accounting information system are associated with the implementation of an integrated system that shall be designed in such a manner that the accounting, auditing and bookkeeping activities are carried out and managed automatically. Also, the management of database along with customer relationship will also be some of the mandatory requirements in association with the banks. The accounting information system for the banks will be required to have the functional specifications and abilities to carry out the tasks around account management, loan processing, reconciliation activities, online banking, customer relationships and many more. There are a lot many vendors in the market that may be selected to acquire the desired system. The acquisition of the technology can be done through a number of different methods such as custom software, outsourcing, packaged purchase and many more. There are numerous security issues and problems that may emerge with the implementation of automated systems in terms of information security and data protection issues. These issues and risks shall be handled with the aid of the implementation of basic and advanced security mechanisms References Advisoryhq. (2015). 5 Best Small Business Accounting Software in Australia. AdvisoryHQ. Retrieved 12 May 2017, from https://www.advisoryhq.com/articles/5-best-small-business-accounting-software-in-australia/ Amato, N. (2016). The hidden costs of a data breach.. Retrieved 12 May 2017, from https://www.journalofaccountancy.com/news/2016/jul/hidden-costs-of-data-breach-201614870.html Aws. (2016). Overview of Security Processes. Retrieved 12 May 2017, from https://d0.awsstatic.com/whitepapers/aws-security-whitepaper.pdf Bhabad, M. (2015). Internet of Things: Architecture, Security Issues and Countermeasures.. Retrieved 12 May 2017, from https://www.ijcaonline.org/research/volume125/number14/bhabad-2015-ijca-906251.pdf Carey, M. (2015). Cloud Accounting Overview 2015: MYOB Essentials vs Xero vs Intuit QuickBooks Online vs Reckon One - Digital First. Digital First. Retrieved 12 May 2017, from https://www.digitalfirst.com/2015-overview-cloud-accounting-software/ Jing, Q. (2014). Security of the Internet of Things: perspectives and challenges. Retrieved 12 May 2017, from https://csi.dgist.ac.kr/uploads/Seminar/1407_IoT_SSH.pdf Lu, C. (2014). Overview of Security and Privacy Issues in the Internet of Things. Retrieved 12 May 2017, from https://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse574-14/ftp/security.pdf Mahmoud, R. (2015). Internet of things (IoT) security: Current status, challenges and prospective measures - IEEE Xplore Document. Ieeexplore.ieee.org. Retrieved 12 May 2017, from https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7412116/ Microsoft. (2016). Core Infrastructure Optimization: IT Security Processes - Best Practices for Business IT. Retrieved 12 May 2017, from https://www.microsoft.com/india/infrastructure/capabilities/itprocesses.mspx Miller, k. (2016). Xero Review 2016 | Reviews, Ratings, Complaints, Comparisons. Merchant Maverick. Retrieved 12 May 2017, from https://www.merchantmaverick.com/reviews/xero-review/ Myob. (2016). Online Accounting Software for Small Business | MYOB. Myob.com. Retrieved 12 May 2017, from https://www.myob.com/au/accounting-software/compare Nichols, A. (2016). Perspective Threats Risk Analysis Process. Sans.org. Retrieved 12 May 2017, from https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/auditing/perspective-threats-risk-analysis-process-63 Panetta, K. (2016). Gartner's Top 10 Security Predictions 2016 - Smarter With Gartner. Smarter With Gartner. Retrieved 12 May 2017, from https://www.gartner.com/smarterwithgartner/top-10-security-predictions-2016/ Ryan, E. (2016). THE EVOLUTION OF ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE |. Gaaaccounting.com. Retrieved 12 May 2017, from https://www.gaaaccounting.com/the-evolution-of-accounting-software-past-present-and-future/ Wood, P. (2016). Social hacking: The easy way to breach network security. ComputerWeekly. Retrieved 12 May 2017, from https://www.computerweekly.com/tip/Social-hacking-The-easy-way-to-breach-network-securi

Treatment Plan Essay Example For Students

Treatment Plan Essay Treatment Plan Essay A treatment plan is an essential step before the process of treatment itself. Any treatment plan can be constructed only after interviewing the patient, analyzing his/her thoughts, and writing down the reported answers for planning a needed treatment. What is more, there are no doubts that after having the interview with the patient, it is possible to reduce the time spend on various medical examinations and choose the most effective therapy. Besides, one should remember that any treatment plan should include such sections as defining problems/symptoms overview, establishing primary goals for the client, objectives, and designing a detailed system of interventions. We will write a custom essay on Treatment Plan specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Defining Problems/Symptoms  Overview: This is probably one of the most important parts of the overall treatment plan. Defining problem correctly determines whether diagnosis and treatment methods will be efficient. Each client should describe unique nuances related to one’s feeling and thoughts to reduce the work of a healthcare practitioner and make sure that the diagnosis will be defined correctly.   Besides, to reveal all the nuances of how a problem reveals itself, a healthcare practitioner should spend at least few minutes on asking a patient questions related to the problem and, after that, spend some time for analyzing the patient’s thoughts. Example: The patient reported that he has regular panic attacks for already one week. In most cases, the panic attacks and unpleasant thoughts take place without reason and during the most unexpected moments. He also experiences the ongoing anxiety and, in addition to this, he is afraid of the fact that another panic attack may happen again. Having panic attacks, the patient also experiences sweating, trembling, dizziness, and even chest pain. In addition to this, the client reported about such problems as having all week low energy to do something and no appetite. Primary goals: The primary goals should be based on the problem sections and be as much specific as possible. Therefore, while defining goals, it is useful to include numbers. For example: 1) With the help of therapy sessions, the patients’ panic attacks will be reduced to one per month. 2) The client will learn five new ways of thinking to know how to react to a variety of anxiety-provoking situations that may happen on a daily basis. 3) The client will learn three new effective relaxation strategies to avoid fear-triggering situations. All the defined concrete goals should help the customer to understand that his problem is curable and how working toward the goals will help to resolve the panic disorder. Objectives: The patient should take short term action steps to get rid of the panic disorder. Example: Exposure therapy should be applied two times per week. The patient will be exposed to the objects and situations that may provoke a fear response to identify his hidden fears. The customer will learn how to practice new relaxation strategies to prevent panic. In addition to this, there will be some medications prescribed by a psychiatrist. The patient should report about his feelings while taking the medications and report any possible side effects. Lastly, there will be several therapy sessions aimed at identifying and challenging negative patterns of thinking and replacing these them with more realistic and helpful ways of thinking. Interventions: Interventions are concrete systems of activities designed to help the patient to realize the objectives. All the interventions should go hand in hand with the established goals and must include concrete duration. It is necessary to write about specific activities and write in a detailed way about all the services that will be provided to the client. 1) The patient will visit the cognitive-behavioral therapy for 120 minutes 2 x per week to learn new ways of thinking and reacting to anxiety-provoking situations. .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1 , .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1 .postImageUrl , .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1 , .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1:hover , .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1:visited , .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1:active { border:0!important; } .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1:active , .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1 .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u59119fecdd904a771bb7f713cbe1f5d1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Affirmative Action And Discrimination Essay2) The exposure therapy will be applied to the patient at least two times per week for 30 minutes to make sure that the patient exposures to fear-triggering situations practicing newly learned relaxation strategies and system of thoughts. 3) Lastly, the patient will be supposed to intake the prescribed medications for at least one month. The list of medications will include an antidepressant and an anti-anxiety drug. Conclusion Therefore, a treatment plan is a crucial part of any therapy. It helps not only to secure the most effective treatment and identify accurate diagnosis but also helps to establish the relationship of trust with the patient. It determines what the problems of the patient are and which goals need to be established to secure the most effective treatment process. Also, it is necessary to discuss the overall treatment plan to ensure that the patient feels comfortable with what has been planned for him. In case all the things described in the treatment plan will be addressed, it will be possible for the patient to recover from his disease and help him to live a usual life.